WASHINGTON — In anticipation of Senate votes this week on a proposed expansion of criminal background checks for firearms sales, one gun rights organization broke with the powerful National Rifle Association on Sunday to urge support for a compromise drafted by Sens. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., and Patrick Toomey, R-Pa.

The endorsement by the Citizens Committee for the Right to Keep and Bear Arms — which calls itself the second-largest gun rights organization in the country behind the NRA, claiming 650,000 members and supporters — is one of several moves over the past few days that have provided a boost to the hopes of proponents of background-checks.

While leading gun-control advocates — including President Barack Obama and New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg, I — back the bipartisan proposal, the announcement of support Sunday from the Citizens Committee reveals that there are substantial parts of the bill that are viewed as “wins” for the gun lobby, including provisions that would prohibit a government registry of gun ownership and make it easier to transport and market weapons across state lines.

Though news of a split in the usually unified gun lobby cheered gun-control advocates, the gun lobby can count other probable wins in the current debate, such as the likely defeat of legislation to limit military-style assault weapons and ammunition clips. Now, an expansion of background-check requirements for gun sales is considered the most likely major achievement.

Initially, gun-control advocates hoped for passage of a requirement for background checks of individuals purchasing a gun in most any circumstance. Currently, background checks are conducted only for purchases made from licensed gun dealers. The compromise measure, drafted by Toomey and Manchin, would require background checks for currently exempt online and gun show sales but not for most other private transactions.

There were other signs of momentum on gun control legislation over the weekend, included a tentative expression of support for the Toomey-Manchin compromise on Sunday from Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., an endorsement by Sen. Susan Collins, R-Maine, and indications of backing from several House Republicans, including some who have had previous endorsements from the NRA.

Officially, only three Republican senators — Toomey, Collins and Mark Kirk, Ill. — have said they plan to vote for the Manchin-Toomey agreement. Democratic aides say the bill will need the backing of at least six Republican senators to pass.

The measure still has a long and tortuous path, with dozens of amendments to the gun bill expected. The Senate is scheduled to begin formal debate Tuesday by first considering the plan to expand the gun background-check program.

Sixteen GOP senators voted late last week to proceed to debate, but several of them and some moderate Democratic senators said they are unlikely to support the bill’s proposed compromise amendments. It is not known how many amendments will be considered by the Senate over the next two weeks. For the past few days, the Toomey-Manchin proposal has received nearly all the attention.

A decade ago, the NRA backed expanded background check legislation, but it now stands firmly opposed. An NRA spokesman reiterated the group’s opposition Sunday evening and again promised to score the Senate vote on the compromise in making future election endorsement decisions.

The group that backed the bill, the Citizens Committee, has far fewer members than the 4 million claimed by the NRA. It was founded in 1972 and functions as a kind of sister organization to the Second Amendment Foundation, a legal think tank and law firm based in Bellevue, Wash., that, along with the NRA, has been a leader in filing major court challenges to halt restrictions on gun rights.

“We decided to back it because we believe it is the right thing to do,” said Julianne Versnel, director of operations for the group.

The chair of the Citizens Committee, Alan Gottlieb, told supporters in an email Sunday that the group would embrace the Manchin-Toomey compromise. He urged members to read the senators’ proposal to understand why the gun rights group would back it.

Gottlieb made clear in his email that he enthusiastically backs the bill the NRA opposes.

“If you read the Manchin-Toomey substitute amendment, you can see all the advances for our cause that it contains,” Gottlieb wrote. He then listed the gun rights advantages in the bill: “interstate sales of handguns, veteran gun rights restoration, travel with firearms protection, civil and criminal immunity lawsuit protection, and most important of all, the guarantee that people, including federal officers, will go to federal prison for up to 15 years if they attempt to use any gun sales records to set up a gun registry.”

These “advances” cannot be achieved, Gottlieb wrote, “unless we win the Senate vote on Tuesday to substitute Senators Manchin and Toomey’s balanced approach” to background checks. Gottlieb, like other gun group leaders, opposes a more far-reaching background-check bill proposed by Sen. Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y. The organization has already been in touch with individual Senate offices. Some have already rejected its argument.

Sen. Tom Coburn, R-Okla., who voted to proceed with debate, labeled the Manchin-Toomey agreement “unworkable and unfair to gun owners” in a message sent to constituents late last week. Because the plan would require gun purchasers to pay for a background check, “gun shows across America will face a new tax of $30 to $50, and sometimes more, as they exercise their constitutional right to buy a gun,” Coburn said, adding that gun owners “will ignore and reject these changes.”

Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., hopes to hold an up-or-down vote on the Manchin-Toomey plan by midweek and then proceed to vote on other amendments, according to senior Senate aides familiar with the plans.

Reid also is expected to call for a roll call on Democratic-backed amendments, including the plan to ban military-style assault weapons, the aides said. A vote on the proposed ban, which is sponsored by 22 Senate Democrats, is expected to fall far short of the 60 votes needed to ensure final passage. Regardless, aides said Reid wants to hold a vote on the proposal early in the gun debate in order to fulfill his promise to Obama; the plan’s lead sponsor, Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif.; and gun-control groups that supported the ban.

Reid also hopes to hold a vote on a Democratic plan to limit the size of ammunition magazines, another proposal expected to fail, aides said. From there, he could proceed to a host of proposed amendments, including a bipartisan plan to provide more federal funding for mental health programs that assist military veterans, a Coburn proposal to establish an online portal for gun buyers to conduct their own background checks, a Republican plan to change the legal definition of mentally ill people when it comes to gun crimes, and an overarching GOP alternative to the underlying gun bill.

Gun-control advocates are worried about some of the expected amendments authored or backed by the NRA, including one that would provide a “national reciprocity” arrangement in which a gun owner who receives a permit to carry a concealed weapon in any one state would then be allowed to do that anywhere in the country.

Meanwhile, Reps. Peter King, R-N.Y., and Mike Thompson, D-Calif., plan to introduce on Monday a House version of the Manchin-Toomey agreement that mirrors the bipartisan Senate deal. King, who represents a suburban Long Island district, said he hoped the Senate deal would extend background checks to include most private firearms transactions but that “there’s no sense of making the perfect the enemy of the good these days.”

“Rather than reinventing the wheel, we adopted Manchin’s plan because we thought that any bill that passes the Senate could pass the House,” King said in an interview Sunday.

Expanding the background-check program “is absolutely essential” to curbing gun-related violence in New York, King said, noting that most gun crimes in his state are committed with firearms illegally obtained in other states.

Only King and Thompson are sponsoring the bill, but other House Republicans who represent suburban districts in the Northeast and Midwest are expected to sign on if the proposal advances in the Senate, King said. Separately, Republican House members from Pennsylvania with past NRA endorsements indicated support for the Toomey-Manchin approach, including Reps. Michael Fitzpatrick, Patrick Meehan and Charlie Dent.

In a sign of the continuing wait-and-see attitude in the House, King said he has had no formal discussions with House GOP leadership or the House Judiciary Committee about his bill or when gun legislation will begin to move in the chamber.

Toomey said on CNN’s “State of the Union” on Sunday that he expects a close vote this week on the measure. “I think it’s an open question as to whether or not we have the votes,” Toomey said. “I think it’s going to be close.”

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